Ubukene Mu Rwanda Bwagabanyutse Mu Myaka Irindwi, Ariko Uturere Tugezweho Twiganjemo Amajyepfo n’Uburengerazuba Bigikeneye Gufashwa – Ubushakashatsi EICV7 2024

Ubushakashatsi bwa karindwi ku Mibereho y’Ingo (EICV7) bwakozwe mu 2024 bwagaragaje ko ubukene mu Rwanda bwagabanyutse mu myaka irindwi ishize, ariko bugaragaza uturere 10 dukennye cyane kurusha utundi, twiganjemo utwo mu ntara y’Amajyepfo n’Uburengerazuba. Ibi byerekana ko n’ubwo gahunda zitandukanye zashyizwe mu bikorwa, hari uturere tugikeneye gufashwa cyane kugira ngo ubukene bube icyahise.

Mu myaka irindwi ishize, u Rwanda rwageze ku ntera yo kugabanya ubukene, ariko ntibigomba kwibagiza ko hari uturere tugikeneye imbaraga nyinshi mu guhangana n’ikibazo cy’ubukene bukabije. Ubushakashatsi bwa karindwi ku Mibereho y’Ingo (EICV7), bwakozwe mu 2024, bwagaragaje ko ubukene mu Rwanda bwagabanyutse kuva kuri 39,8% mu 2017 bukagera kuri 27,4% mu 2024. Ibi ni intambwe ishimishije, ariko ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko hari uturere twihariye twugarijwe cyane n’ubukene, cyane cyane mu ntara y’Amajyepfo n’Uburengerazuba. Aha, ingo nyinshi ziri mu bibazo by’imibereho n'ubushobozi buke bwo kubona ibiribwa n’ibindi by’ibanze.

1. Ubukene Mu Rwanda Mu Myaka Irindwi Ishize: Ubushakashatsi bwa EICV7 bwagaragaje ko ubukene mu Rwanda bwagabanyutse ku gipimo cy’umwaka wa 2024, buva kuri 39,8% mu 2017 bukagera kuri 27,4%. Ibi bigaragaza ko gahunda zitandukanye zashyizwe mu bikorwa mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ubukene ndetse no guteza imbere ubukungu zatanze umusaruro. Uko imirimo yahanzwe muri iyi myaka ishamikiye ku guteza imbere ubukungu, ni imwe mu mpamvu zatumye imibereho y’abaturage irushaho kuba myiza. Umunyarwanda yinjiza ku gipimo cy’amafaranga asaga 1.040$ ku mwaka, kandi igihugu cyashyize imbaraga mu guteza imbere ubukungu binyuze mu mishinga y’imirimo.

Icyakora, umubare w’abaturage bagihanganye n’ubukene bukabije, ukigaragazwa mu bice bimwe na bimwe by’igihugu, ugomba gutuma hongerwa ingufu mu kubafasha mu buryo burambye.

2. Ibigaragazwa n’Ubushakashatsi ku Turere Dukennye Cyane: Mu bushakashatsi, haragaragazwa ko mu turere 10 dukennye cyane, harimo uturere dutanu two mu ntara y’Amajyepfo n'utugera dutanu tw’Uburengerazuba. Uturere twa Nyamagabe, Gisagara, Nyanza, Nyaruguru na Kamonyi ni uturere dukennye cyane mu ntara y'Amajyepfo, naho mu ntara y’Uburengerazuba, harimo Rusizi, Nyamasheke, Rutsiro, Rubavu na Karongi.

Ibi turere dukennye cyane bihanganye n'ikibazo cy’imibereho idahagije, aho abaturage benshi bagira ibibazo byo kubona ibiribwa, amazi meza, amashanyarazi, n’ibindi by’ibanze. Ibibazo by’ubukene byabaye bibi cyane mu bice by’icyaro, aho ubukene bwageze kuri 31,6%, mu gihe mu mijyi bwari 16,7%. Ubusumbane hagati y’ubukene bukabije bw’ibyaro n’imijyi bukiriho, bikeneye kwitabwaho cyane.

3. Ishusho Y’Ubukene Mu Bice By’icyaro n’Imijyi: Muri iki gihe, ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ubukene bukabije mu mijyi bwagabanyutse cyane, buva kuri 11,3% mu 2017 bukagera kuri 3,1% mu 2024. Ibi bituma imijyi igaragaza intambwe ishimishije mu kugabanya ubukene, ariko si ko byifashe ku bice by’icyaro. Mu byaro, ubukene bukabije bukigaragara cyane, kuko bwagabanyutse gusa buva kuri 11,3% bukagera kuri 6,4%. Ibi bituma biba ngombwa gushyira imbaraga mu bice by’icyaro kugira ngo bifashwe mu guhangana n’ubukene bukabije.

Icyifuzo ni uko Leta yakomeza gushyira imbaraga mu guteza imbere ibyo bice, kugira ngo hakomeze kugerwaho intego yo kubaka ubukungu bushingiye ku bikorwa by’ubuhinzi, ubworozi, n’imiturire.

4. Ibikorwa Bya Leta N’Abafatanyabikorwa Byatanze Umusaruro: Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr. Ngirente Edouard, yavuze ko kugabanyuka k’ubukene bishingiye ku imbaraga nyinshi Leta yashoye mu gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda zitandukanye. Yagize ati: "Bigaragaza aho twavuye, ibintu bidasanzwe twagezeho bikanahamya ubufatanye mu cyerekezo cyiza dufite." Ibi bigaragaza ko gahunda zishyizwe mu bikorwa mu nzego zitandukanye ari ngombwa kugira ngo abaturage bagere ku buzima bufite ireme.

Ubuyobozi bw’igihugu bugaragaza ko imwe mu mishinga yafashije mu kugabanya ubukene ari iyahuje abahinzi n'abaguzi b'ibikomoka ku buhinzi, ndetse no gufasha abaturage kubona amahirwe y’imirimo irambye. Ingo zakiriye amafaranga yavuye mu mahanga, zageze kuri 59% mu 2024, zivuye kuri 23% mu 2017, zerekana uburyo igihugu kigenda kizana amafaranga ava mu bihugu by’amahanga.

 

N'ubwo ubukene bwagabanyutse mu Rwanda mu myaka irindwi ishize, igikorwa cyo kugabanya ubukene mu turere tumwe na tumwe, cyane cyane mu ntara y’Amajyepfo n’Uburengerazuba, kigikenewe ingufu nyinshi. Imibereho y’Abanyarwanda iragenda izamuka, ariko hakenewe kongera umubare w’imirimo mu bice by’icyaro no gushyira ingufu mu gufasha abatuye mu turere dukennye cyane.

Ingaruka z’ubukene bukabije ziragaragara, ariko gahunda nyinshi zitandukanye zashyizwe mu bikorwa n'abafatanyabikorwa na Leta zifasha mu guteza imbere ubuzima bw’abaturage. Gushyira imbaraga mu guhanga imirimo mishya, gutanga imfashanyo mu bice by’icyaro, ndetse no kwita ku baturage bagifite ikibazo cy’ubukene bukabije bizafasha mu kugera ku ntego y’igihugu yo kubaka ubukungu burambye kandi bufite ireme.

 

SOURCE: NISR